HYDROGEN STORY
Types/Characteristics | High temperature fuel cell | Low temperature fuel cell | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Division |
Molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) |
Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) |
Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell (PAFC) |
Alkaline Fuel Cell (AFC) |
Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) |
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) |
Operating Temperature |
550~700℃ | 600~1000℃ | 150~250℃ | 50~120℃ | 50~100℃ | 50~100℃ |
Main Catalyst | Perovskite | Nickel | Platinum | Nickel | Platinum | Platinum |
State of Electrolyte |
Li/K alkali carbonates mixture |
YSZ GDC | H3PO4 | KOH |
Ion exchange membrane |
-14 |
Electrolyte Support |
immobilized liquid |
Solid |
immobilized liquid |
Solid | Solid | |
Charge transfer Ions | CO32- | O2- | H+ | OH- | H+ | H+ |
Possible Fuel |
H2,CO (Natural, coal gas) |
H2,CO (Natural, coal gas) |
H2,CO (methanol, coal gas) |
H2 |
H2 (methanol, coal gas) |
methanol |
Necessity of External fuel reformer |
NO | NO | YES | YES | YES | YES |
Efficiency(%LHV) | 50~60 | 50~60 | 40~45 | - | <40 | - |
Main Use |
Large-scale power generation, Small business facilities |
Large-scale power generation, Small business facilities, Mobile power supply |
Small business facilities, Biogas plant |
Space projectile power |
Transportation power, Household power, Portable pow |
Portable power |
Characteristic |
High power generation efficiency, Internal reforming possible, Cogeneration power response possible |
High power generation efficiency, Internal reforming possible, Combined power generation possible |
High durability of CO, Cogeneration power response possible |
- |
Low temperature operation, High power density |
Low temperature operation, High power density |
Task assigned |
Material corrosion, Molten salt volatilization power response possible |
High temperature deterioration, Heat destruction generation possible |
Material corrosion, Phosphoric acid outflow |
Prevention of leakage from electrolyte |
High temperature operation impossible, High material/ Processing cost (expensive catalyst and electrolyte), Low efficiency |
High temperature operation impossible, High material/ Processing cost, Methanol crossover problem |